what is socket in electrical

Appliances were never sold fitted with these security plugs, and the use of adaptors would defeat the safety features, so the supplied plugs had to be cut off and replaced with the security connector. In 1989 the standard was revised, with three round 4.5mm (0.177in) pins in the same locations designed to allow the socket to accept both older and newer Israeli plugs, and also non-earthed Europlugs (often used in Israel for equipment which does not need to be earthed and does not use more current than the Europlug is rated for). CEE 7/3 sockets were not permitted until 15 November 2011. The movable (less fixed) connector is classified as a plug (denoted P),[37] designed to attach to a wire, cable or removable electrical assembly. Plugs and sockets for portable appliances became available in the 1880s, to replace connections to light sockets with wall-mounted outlets. Another type, often called barrier strips, accepts wires that have ring or spade terminal lugs crimped onto the wires. Plugs are non-interchangeable between current ratings. there are about 20types in common use around the world, and many obsolete socket types are found in older buildings. This includes models rated at 10A and 16A that differ in contact diameter and spacing (see below for details). You wouldn't be wrong in calling it a socket. Socket vs Outlet: What's the Difference! - Home Arise Chinese dual sockets have both an unearthed socket complying with figure5 of GB1002-2008 (both flat pin and 4.8mm round pin), and an earthed socket complying with figure4 of GB1002-2008. Not polarised when used with a CEE7/3 socket, most CEE7/7 plugs are (mechanically only) polarised when used with a CEE7/5 socket. Originally the plugs had a round base. AC power plugs and sockets - Wikipedia However, the inverted orientation (with ground pin downwards) is more commonly used. Gender of connectors and fasteners - Wikipedia Although being often called "Argentinian plug," it is actually based on the American NEMA10-20 standard, and is incompatible[how?] Both current-carrying blades on grounding plugs are normally narrow, since the ground pin enforces polarity. Many 3pin sockets in China include a physical lockout preventing access to the active and neutral terminals unless an earth pin (which is slightly longer than the other 2pins) is entered first. This means that the uninsulated pins of a Chinese plug may become live while there is still a large enough gap between the faces of the plug and socket to allow a finger to touch the pin. This rule does not apply for sockets not intended to be used for domestic appliances, but it is strongly advised to have class I sockets throughout the home.[46]. The actual rating of non-rewirable plugs is marked according to the fuse fitted by the cord set manufacturer, the fuse rating being determined by the rating of the flexible cable. (The similar-appearing CEE7/17 has larger pins and a higher current rating.) Because they rely on spring pressure, not friction, they can be more durable and less damaging than traditional pin and socket design, leading to their use in in-circuit testing. The type 12 socket has no recess, while the type13 socket is recessed. Instead, the Europlug fits a range of sockets in common use in Europe. The 16A socket used to be referred to as, This page was last edited on 17 June 2023, at 11:52. In Europe for example, they are called double or triple adaptors, and transform one socket into a multiple socket. BS 4573 and BS EN 61558-2-5 do not explicitly specify a current rating for a compliant plug, see BS4573 section of British and compatible standards. The 16A three-pin earthed rear entry plug is designated CEI23-50S17 (there are also two side-entry versions, SPA17 and SPB17). The system is not compatible with Italian CEI plugs, nor with Europlugs. Since terminal blocks are readily available for a wide range of wire sizes and terminal quantity, they are one of the most flexible types of electrical connector available. [7]:26 For instance, XLR connectors have a notch to ensure proper orientation, while Mini-DIN plugs have a plastic projection that fits into a corresponding hole in the socket (they also have a notched metal skirt to provide secondary keying).[21]. During the following decades, the connectors steadily gained popularity, and are still used for medical, industrial, military, aerospace, and rail applications (particularly trains in Europe). [32] The connector consists of a barrel, a spring, and a plunger. Adaptors can be made with ceramic, Bakelite, or other plastic bodies. The socket is essential the conduit which allows electrical current flow into your electrical appliances and equipment. This is a round plug compatible with CEE7/1, CEE7/3, and CEE7/5 sockets. [15] The current version is AS/NZS 3112:2011, Approval and test specification Plugs and socket-outlets. The plug is rated at 16A. They are in applications such as the MagSafe connector where a quick disconnect is desired for safety. Industrial and multiphase power plugs and sockets, Learn how and when to remove this template message, International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 60906-1 Brazilian NBR 14136 standard, AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types, AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types BS 4573 (UK shaver), National Electrical Manufacturers Association, National Electrical Contractors Association, History of AC power plugs and sockets Obsolete types, "Alert noting non-compliant power strips", "Sri Lanka Sets National Standard for Plugs and Socket Outlets", "Army Sustainment: The Three Most Common Electrical Safety Issues in Deployed Environments", ftp://ftp.cencenelec.eu/CENELEC/TCs/61/PlugsSockets.pdf, "Mains Plugs with Insulated Pins. Some older installations have sockets that are limited to either the 10A or the 16A style plug, requiring the use of an adaptor if the other gauge needs to be connected. The corresponding 6A socket accepts the Europlug, but not others as the 4.5mm holes are too small to accept the 4.8mm pins of CEE7/4, CEE7/6 or CEE7/7 plugs. The voltage at a Chinese socket of any type is 220V. Type I plugs and sockets from different countries have different pin lengths. In the case of insulated crimp connectors, the crimped area lies under an insulating sleeve through which the pressing force acts. a socket call, a socket connection is made between an application on the client and an application on the server. Tamper-resistant sockets may be required in new residential construction, with shutters on the power blade sockets to prevent contact by objects inserted into the socket. Effective crimp connections deform the metal of the connector past its yield point so that the compressed wire causes tension in the surrounding connector, and these forces counter each other to create a high degree of static friction. The appliance need only to be tested to the power inlet. Some plugs have female contacts that are used only for an earth ground connection. The contacts are positioned on both sides of the plug; the plug is energised only when it is inserted fully into the socket. A Socket, on the other hand, is a vent to which a plug connects. Printed circuit board (PCB) mounted screw terminals let individual wires connect to a PCB through leads soldered to the board. The pins are parallel and do not converge. Universal wall sockets. This standard is also used in Belgium, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and some other countries. Isolated power for medical instruments, tools used in wet conditions, or electric razors. This can cause problems because the thermal conductivity of metals causes heat to quickly distribute through the cable and connector, and when this heat melts plastic dielectric, it can cause short circuits or "flared" (conical) insulation. In buildings, electrical outlets are usually installed in the wall, although they can also be installed in the floor. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Difference Between Socket, Outlet and Receptacle - NEC & IEC Outlets can come with one, two or three receptacles where one, two or three appliances can be plugged in [source: Haworth Electric]. During crimping, the extended end of this insulating sleeve is simultaneously pressed around the insulated area of the cable, creating strain relief. This plug can be inserted into a Danish Type K socket, but the earth contact will not connect. It has two round pins measuring 4.8 by 19mm (0.189 by 0.748in). The hybrid socket is also defined in TIS166-2547, in addition to a plain three-round-pin socket, with plans to replace the former and phase out support for NEMA-compatible plugs. Not all plug and socket families have letters in the IEC guide, but those that have are noted in this article, as are some additional letters commonly used by retail vendors. It is polarised when used with a French CEE7/5 socket, but can be inserted two ways into a CEE7/3 socket. [44][45] Therefore, some North American devices which can be physically plugged into Japanese sockets may not function properly. Though very rarely seen today, it is still marked as available in BTicinos catalogue,[64] (except for the three-phase version, which stopped being produced in July 2011). CEE 7/2 and 7/4 plugs are not compatible with the CEE7/5 socket because of the round earthing pin permanently mounted in the socket. There were also moulded rubber plugs available for devices up to 16A similar to CEE7/17, but with a round base without any notches. Some countries do not have wiring regulations for single-phase electric stoves. Japanese Class II polarized sockets with earth post, for a washing machine (similar to NEMA1-15), Japanese 20 A socket with earth post and earth connector, for an air conditioner (similar to NEMA5-20), Japanese 200 V socket with earth slot, for an air conditioner (similar to NEMA6-20). It may be used for unearthed ClassII appliances (and in South Korea for all domestic non-earthed appliances). Three single-phase general purpose connectors were rated 10A, 16A and 20A; and a three-phase industrial connector rated 10A; all of them have different key-pin positioning so plugs and sockets cannot be mismatched. Two screws (one at the top and one at the bottom) hold the outlet to the electrical box. The 14 cu. Examples of systems using special purpose sockets include: Special-purpose sockets may be labelled or coloured to identify a reserved use of a system, or may have keys or specially shaped pins to prevent use of unintended equipment. [3] In this example, the solder tabs connected to the cable represent the permanent connection, whilst the male connector portion interfaces with a female socket forming a detachable connection. They are also known as the two pole and earth variants of CEE7/10 (socket) and CEE7/11 (plug). The plug is similar to CEE7/16, but has different configuration. The connectors in the top row of the image are known as ring terminals and spade terminals (sometimes called fork or split ring terminals). [17] This differs from IEC60906-1 which specifies a pin diameter of 4.5mm and a rating of 16A. NBR14136 does not require shutters on the apertures, a further aspect of non-compliance with IEC60906-1. Sockets are often designed to make it difficult to accidentally touch the conduuctor. The 10A three-pin earthed rear entry plug is designated CEI23-50 S11 (there are also two side-entry versions, SPA11 and SPB11). Plugs generally have one or more pins or prongs that are inserted into openings in the mating socket. It is sometimes called a contour plug, because its collar contour follows that of the socket's recess. It may be rated at either 10A or 16A. Shutters over the line and neutral pins are mandatory. [22] CEE7 consists of general specifications and standard sheets for specific connectors. [41], When creating soldered connections, it is possible to melt the dielectric between pins or wires. To make these connections reliably on a production line, special tools accurately control the forces applied during assembly. An electrical outlet is a household device that connects electrical appliances to a power source, usually a wall socket. NBR14136 was not enforced in that country until 2007, when its adoption was made optional for manufacturers. Over time, an outlet receptacle can see cord plugs inserted and withdrawn hundreds of times, and like any other mechanical device, they eventually wear out or . Since stripping insulation from wires is time-consuming, many connectors intended for rapid assembly use insulation-displacement connectors which cut the insulation as the wire is inserted. The plugs and sockets used to power electric stoves from a single-phase line have to be rated for greater current values than those used with three-phase supply because all the power has to be transferred through two contacts, not three. Soviet shaver power cord. Binding posts are a single-wire connection method, where stripped wire is screwed or clamped to a metal electrode. Using a plug or power cord that is inappropriate for the load may be a safety hazard. Learn more. The Soviet GOST7396 standard includes both the CEE7/17 and the CEE7/16 variantII plug. "[23] EU countries each have their own regulations and national standards; for example, some require child-resistant shutters, while others do not. Electrical Outlets & Receptacles - D & F Liquidators This standard was intended to one day become common for all of Europe and other regions with 230V mains, but the effort to adopt it as a European Union standard was put on hold in the mid-1990s.[29]. [26][27] This was done because little[citation needed] electrical equipment sold to private users is equipped with a Danish plug. [38] This convention is currently defined in ASME Y14.44-2008, which supersedes IEEE 200-1975, which in turn derives from the long-withdrawn MIL-STD-16 (from the 1950s), highlighting the heritage of this connector naming convention. The general convention is sockets for power sources, pins for loads. It's meant to be a location where you insert something . Steel Outlet Boxes and Armored Cable. Introduced in 1934, the BS546 type has mostly been displaced in the UK by the BS1363 standard. the solder tabs on a male phone connector, and the male phone connector itself. This item is great for light commercial and residential applications. The corresponding socket is recessed to prevent shocks. There are as many as 15 commonly used types of domestic plugs in use worldwide. US and Canadian name: outlet 3. Both sockets will accept type11 and type12 plugs, and also the 2.5A Europlug. [39], Crimped contacts are permanent (i.e. An electrical outlet or receptacle, frequently called a wall outlet, is a socket that connects an electrical device to an electricity supply. Unscrew the outlet from the electrical box. If you need the functionality of both a switch and an outlet, a switch/outlet combo is the perfect multi-functional solution. Plugs and sockets are widely used in various connector systems including blade connectors, breadboards, XLR connectors, car power outlets, banana connectors, and phone connectors. 15-Amp Duplex Receptacle A standard 15-amp duplex receptacle outlet is the most common type of outlet used in residential homes. You can do this using a wire stripper or a utility knife. The Europlug is also used in parts of the Middle East, Africa, South America, and Asia. In 1986, the International Electrotechnical Commission published IEC60906-1, a specification for a plug and socket that look similar, but are not identical, to the Swiss plug and socket. [19] These housings may also allow intermixing of electrical and non-electrical interfaces, examples of the latter being pneumatic line connectors, and optical fiber connectors. Other portable appliances (such as vacuum cleaners, electric fans, smoothing irons, and curling-tong heaters) were connected to light-bulb sockets. Some letter types correspond to several current ratings or different technical standards, so the letter does not uniquely identify a plug and socket within the type family, nor guarantee compatibility. Except when used with unearthed plugs such as Europlug. How to Wire an Electrical Socket: 13 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow It is usually desirable for a connector to be easy to identify visually, rapid to assemble, inexpensive, and require only simple tooling. In some jurisdictions, they violate safety standards for sockets.[3][4]. Traditionally all Danish sockets were equipped with a switch to prevent touching live pins when connecting/disconnecting the plug. [citation needed]. The Danish socket will also accept the CEE7/16 Europlug or CEE7/17 Schuko-French hybrid plug. [48] The standard defines a hierarchical system of plugs and sockets with two, three and five pins, and 10A or 16A ratings. Other types may push compatibility even further. [16] The NBR14136 standard has two versions, neither of which has pin dimensions or ratings complying with IEC60906-1. Because they have no earth connections they have been or are being phased out in most countries. Electricity in the United States of America. ELECTRICAL OUTLET | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary The 16A three-pin earthed socket is designated CEI23-50 P17, there is not a 16A two-pin unearthed socket. [13] [61] The socket is rectangular, with lateral key pins and indentations to maintain polarisation, and to prevent insertion of a plug with different current ratings. AC power plugs and sockets connect electric equipment to the alternating current (AC) mains electricity power supply in buildings and at other sites. A disadvantage of the circular design is its inefficient use of panel space when used in arrays, when compared to rectangular connectors. Universal wall sockets - WorldStandards CEE 7/7 specifies an earthed hybrid plug that will fit into both the CEE7/3 and CEE7/5 sockets. Both 10A sockets also accept CEE7/16 (Europlugs). An alternative type of plug and socket connection uses hyperboloid contacts, which makes a more reliable electrical connection. In Iceland, Magic plugs were widely used in homes and businesses alongside Europlug and Schuko installations. They are commonly used for easier engagement and disengagement, tight environmental sealing, and rugged mechanical performance. And we provide more information about the voltage and frequency. So that manufacturers need not build many similar appliances differing only in the type of plug fitted, a common strategy is to provide an IEC 60320 inlet on the appliance and a detachable power cord (mains flex lead) and appropriate plug. They are duly recognized from a safety point of view and hence people prefer them both for home and commercial office spaces. The plug and socket are rated 16A 250VAC and are intended for use only on systems having nominal voltages between 200V and 250VAC The plug pins are 4.5mm in diameter, line and neutral are on centres 19mm apart. The type12 plug adds a central 4mm diameter round earth pin, offset by 5mm. Different Types of Electrical Outlets and How They Work - Landmark Right: Plug. The pins are 4.8 by 19mm (0.189 by 0.748in). They could be altered to fit a CEE7/5 or CEE7/3 socket by cutting notches with a sharp knife. There is a variation for hospital equipment with a rectangular left pin, which is used for life support equipment. Although the plug is polarised, CEE7 does not define the placement of the live and neutral and there is no universally observed standard. There is no socket defined to accept only the Europlug. This plug has three rectangular pins forming an isosceles triangle. It defines a plug with an earthing pin, and two flat current-carrying pins which form an inverted V-shape. How to Wire an Outlet Receptacle? Socket Outlet Wiring Diagrams Safety advocates, the United States Army,[5] and a manufacturer of sockets[6] point out a number of safety issues with universal socket and adaptors, including voltage mismatch, exposure of live pins, lack of proper earth ground connection, or lack of protection from overload or short circuit. Plugs and power cords have a rated voltage and current assigned to them by the manufacturer. The NEMA 5-20AP variant has blades perpendicular to each other. Connectors are purely passive components that is, they do not enhance the function of a circuit so connectors should affect the function of a circuit as little as possible. A jack is a connector that installs on the surface of a bulkhead or enclosure, and mates with its reciprocal, the plug. They are usually rated at 6A 250V, 10A 250V, or 16A 250V. This is the general rating of the adaptor, and indicates the maximum total load in amps, regardless of the number of sockets used (for example, if a 16A 250V adaptor has four sockets, it would be fine to plug four different devices into it that each consume 2A as this represents a total load of only 8A, whereas if only two devices were plugged into it that each consumed 10A, the combined 20A load would overload the circuit). According to the IEC[11] it is also used in over 50 countries worldwide. Hybrid connectors allow the intermixing of many connector types, usually by way of a housing with inserts. Today[when?] High temperatures can also cause failure in connectors, resulting in an "avalanche" of failures ambient temperature increases, leading to a decrease in insulation resistance and increase in conductor resistance; this increase generates more heat, and the cycle repeats.[11]. The blade connected to neutral is 7.9 mm wide and the hot blade is 6.3 mm wide. Sometimes both ends of a cable are terminated with the same gender of connector, as in many Ethernet patch cables. [33], Crown spring connectors are commonly used for higher current flows and industrial applications. Their installation in new homes was still quite common even in the late 1980s. The outlet receptacles are where lamps, electronic equipment, small appliances, space heaters, and many other devices tap into the home's electrical circuits to fulfill their duties. 3. They are now stuck with various incompatible systems, imported from abroad. [28][29] As the male pin is inserted, axial wires in the socket half are deflected, wrapping themselves around the pin to provide a number of contact points. [citation needed]. This Soviet plug, still sometimes used in the region, has pin dimensions and spacing equal to the Europlug, but lacks the insulation sleeves. An electrical code is an official set of guidelines that specifies how various aspects of an electrical system should be installed. The Norwegian standard is NEK502:2005 standard sheet X (socket) and sheet XI (plug). Unlike the Europlug, it is rated 6A. These mating surfaces are mounted into identical fittings that freely mate with any other, without regard for gender (provided that the size and type match). Find Voltage & Ampere Rating of Switch, Plug, Outlet & Receptacle Plugs are shaped to prevent finger contact with live parts. The flat pins for the 10A version measure 6.25 by 1.55mm (0.246 by 0.061in) and 8.0 by 1.9mm (0.315 by 0.075in) for the 20A version, and are set at 30 to the vertical at a nominal pitch of 7.92mm (0.312in). The plug is often used in companies, but rarely in private homes. Gently remove the outlet from the box. The CEE7/16 unearthed plug is used for unearthed appliances. Shaver sockets may accept multiple two-pin plug types including Europlug (TypeC), Australian (TypeI) and BS4573. Good to Know: Outlets, Sockets & Receptacles are the same in the Canadian National . [40], Crimped plug-and-socket connectors can be classified as rear release or front release. According to NEC, an outlet is the point (s) in an electrical wiring system where current can be taken and utilize by electrical appliances and equipment by plugging them in it. The connection between the mating metal parts must be sufficiently tight to make a good electrical connection and complete the circuit. [8] Insulators must have a high electrical resistance, withstand high temperatures, and be easy to manufacture for a precise fit. NEMA connector - Wikipedia Sockets are polarised (as in NEMA5-15). The isolation transformer often includes a 115V output accepting two-pin US plugs (TypeA). What is a socket? - IBM (Unpolarised ACadaptors are a common exception.). Europlugs are also in common use in Italy; they are standardized under CEI23-34 S 1 for use with the 10A socket and can be found fitted to ClassII appliances with low current requirement (less than 2.5A).
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